Articles

Were Prehistoric Copper Oxhide Ingots manufactured on the Mississippi coast near the mouth of the Mississippi River?

By, Jay S.Wakefield, jswakefield@comcast.net   Copper: According to American Indian oral tradition, Michigan copper was mined in antiquity by “red haired white-skinned ‘marine men’ who came from across the sea”. Tens of thousands of pits, up to 30’ deep, were mined using fire-setting and stone hammers, with an estimated half a billion tons of pure Read More

Black Olmecs Likely Were West Africans

By John J. White, III Originally published in The Midwestern Epigraphic Journal Volume 16   Reporting and interest in ancient history is rather ethnocentric. The shortage of authors with Black African heritage leads to an understatement of Black African participation in Cultural Diffusion to the Americas. The leading contributor by far is Professor Ivan Van Read More

West Africans Traded in the Caribbean Basin Before Columbus According to Van Sertima

By, John J White, III Originally Published in The Midwestern Epigraphic Society Newsletter Volume 25   Ivan Van Sertima and Barry Fell made major impacts on the ancient history establishment in 1976 when they published their famous books. The MES joined forces with Barry Fell in 1983 and soon acquired the eastern Kentucky Ogham sites Read More